BIRTH:

                 Albert Einstein was very poor in his studies .He only fancied physics and always kept thinking about some or the other concept. He was a clerk in the patent office and always kept scribbling something on papers that he kept hidden in his drawers. In 1905 he wrote a series of papers that changed the view of the universe forever. One day, in the past few months a great deal of what he’d been thinking about had started coming together, but there was still something he felt he was near to understanding but couldn’t quite see. One fine morning he suddenly woke up with “the great excitement”.     

         E=MC² had arrived in the world.

ENERGY:

             The word energy was new until mid 1800s. The people thought-the crackling of static electricity, or the blowing of the wind were all related things. Michael Faraday was the one who changed this idea. He was only a book binder, but kept reading all the interesting books that came to him for binding. He once heard Sir Humphry Davy’s lecture got inspired and wrote down everything he understood from that lecture bound it as a very nice book and sent it to Sir Davy. He was then appointed the assistant of Sir Davy.

              After a few years there was an extraordinary finding from Denmark, that when the current in an electric wire is switched on a magnetic compass placed near the wire shows some deflection. Till this time both electricity and magnetism where two different unrelated forces. Nobody was ready to believe this and then Faraday was asked to work on it. In the late summer of 1821 the discovery of the century was made. Thus, the idea that not only electricity and magnetism but every form of energy could be related had begun. This slowly brought the concept of conservation of energy.

               The energy concept that Faraday helped to create is an extraordinary vision. It is like God had created the universe and put some amount of energy in it. He created planets, stars that grow and explode, created civilization that had battles and everything getting destroyed. All the living people could see all the different kinds of energy around them. Though some amount of energy is lost due to the destruction, the amount of energy God had first put in the universe remained the same. Not even one millionth of the energy was lost. Thus, the concept that “Energy can neither be created nor destroyed but changes from one form to another” was clear.

=:

         A good equation is not simply a formula for computation, nor is it a balance scale confirming that two items you suspected were nearly equal really are the same. Instead scientists started using the = symbol as something of a telescope of new ideas—a devise for directing attention to fresh, unsuspected realms. Equations simply happen to be written in symbols instead of words.

          This is how Einstein used the”=” in his equation as well. The Victorians had thought they’d found all the possible sources of energy there were: chemical energy, heat energy, magnetic energy and the rest. But by 1905 Einstein could say, NO, there is another place you can look where you’ll find more. His equation was like a telescope to lead there, but the hiding place was not far away in outer space. It was down here—it had been right in front of his professors all along.

          He found this vast energy source in the one place where no one had thought of looking. It was hidden away in solid matter itself.   

M IS FOR MASS:

For a long time the concept of “mass” had been like the concept of energy before Faraday n the other nineteenth century scientists did their work. There were a lot of different material substances around, but it was not clear how they related to each other, if they did at all. 

          Antonie-Laurent Lavoiser was the man who first showed that all the seemingly diverse bits of all the “mass” there is, really where a part of a single connected whole. Lavoiser was working in a “General Farm” that collected tax for Louis XVI’s government. He could concentrate on his science only for a single day a week. With the help of his wife he started truly major experiment. He was going watch a piece of metal slowly burn, or maybe just rust. He wanted to find out whether it would weigh more or less than it did before.

[Before going on why don’t you try answering this question. Let a piece of metal rust, compared to before rusting how much could it weigh:

A) less  B) The same  C) more]    

        Lavoiser set up a special apparatus to test this phenomenon in case of different substances in his house itself. They let different substances corrode and measured the difference in their weights and also carefully measured how much air may have been lost. Thus, the answer for the above question was available. It weighs more.

       This was unexpected. It was found that the oxygen that had been in the gases floating above was no longer in the air, it simply stuck on to the metal. With his fussily meticulous weighing machine, Lavoisier had shown that matter can move around from one form to another, yet it will not burst in and out of existence. This was one of the prime discoveries of 1700’s. Thus, the concept of conservation of mass had been established.

           Everyone where convinced that all forms of energy were related and all forms of mass were related, but nothing connected the two realms. Einstein did find that there was a link between the two domains, but he dint do it the way someone would expect. He never did any experiments of hours together of work to prove it. He seemed to abandon mass and energy, and began to focus on what appeared to be an unrelated topic. He began to look at speed of light.

C IS FOR CELERITAS:

                        “C” is different from what we have looked so far. “E” is the vast energy domain of energies, and “m” is the material stuff of the universe. But “c” is simply speed of light. Celeritas in Latin means swiftness, as light travels very fast it is given that name. It was first thought that light travels at infinite speed. Galileo was the first person to clearly conceive of measuring the speed of light.

                           According to his experiment he wanted two people each holding lanterns on hillsides a mile apart. They would open their lantern shutters one after the other, and then time how much of a delay there was for the light to cross the valley. The experiment was a good idea, but the technology of the time was too poor to get any clear result. A scientist Roemer after thorough research discovered that the best estimate of the speed of light was 670,000,000 mph.

              

                     Einstein discovered from Maxwell’s research that nothing can go faster than light even if you are going at 699,999,999 mph you will find that light is too fast. As this was the upper limit of speed, Einstein related mass and energy with it. 

\2/:

             As you must have already known many equations are squared. This is because the very geometry of our world often produces squared numbers.

               C² was chosen though it was a huge number because; if it was small a small amount of mass would consist only of a small amount of energy. But it is not so. Through experimental processes it was proved that C² was the correct conversion factor or the proportionality constant between Energy and Mass.   

CONCLUSION:

    Therefore, mass is the ultimate type of condensed or concentrated energy. Energy is reverse: it is what billows out as an alternate form of mass under the right circumstance.

                 The E=MC² came to existence.